Lubricating system for piston machines



Aug. 2, 1-932- F. ACKERMAN 1,869,

LUB RICATING SYSTEM FOR PISTON MACHINES I Filed Dec. 23. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l I/VvE/VTOR: FRANK AOKERMAN flmweze- HfTOR/VEYS Aug. 2, 1932. ACKERMAN 1,869,362

I N VEN TOR: FRANK ACKERMAM fi 7'TORNE Y5.

( NITED STATES imam: acxnnm, or -s'r. LOUIS, mrssoimr, assrcuou TO cUa'rIs type described in the pending application for Patented Aug. 2, 1932 COMPANY, OF WELLSTQN, mrssounna 'comoRArIoNoF'MIsso m;

rusmca'rme srs'rmu FOR rrs'roumcnmu's I Application sleep ear 23,1929. as'1 m.'.4'16,oi1f1.

' This invention relates toa lubricating a'pparatus for piston machines of the general patent of Edwin H. vSteedman, Serial No. 196,104, filed June 2,1927, which has matured intoPatent No. 1,847 ,418. 'f

The lubricating apparatusforming the subject-matter of the said steedinanapplication comprises a rotatable member combined with the crank shaft of the machine so asto revolver by the rotary movement of the member in which said chamber is formed acting in con junctionwith the walls of said chamber to create pressure that'is used to force oil out "of said chamber through a duct or passageway that leads to a crankpin on the crank shaft of the machine. l I

' The main object of my invention is to simplify the construction and reduce the cost of manufacture of a lubricating apparatus or the general type above described.

' To this end I propose to construct the centrifugal pressure chamberor oil pocket in the rotatable member on the crank shaft, by forming a substantially annular groove in said member, open at one side, and then attaching or combining with said member in any pre- 'ferred way, a separate part that in effect constitutes an undercut outer wall for said chamber that functions in the same way as the undercut outer wall of the pressure chamber, ocket or oil groove described in the said teedman application.

, Figure 1 of the drawings is a longitudinal sectional View of a lubricating apparatus em bodying my invention, designed for use in a two cylinder compressor. i s

Figure 2 is a longitudinal. sectional view illustrating another form of my invention, I Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of alubricating, apparatus for a single cylinder compressor, equipped with a centrifugal pres- Sure? m e r oil pocket of the same kind as that shown in Fi u e taken on the line ofFigure 1; Iand j Figure 5iis a transverse sectional'view,

taken on the line 5 -5'of Figure2'.

In the'drawings which illustrate the are ferred manner of, constructing a lubricating apparatus embodying my 'in'ventio'm A designates the crankcase of. a.compressor,'internal combustion-engine, reciprocating pump or other machine equipped with one or more cylinders whose pistons are joined by cons mvmcmmm Fig re i'is 'a'transverse sectional View, 7

can.

nectin rods B to crank pins on 'the crank shaft ofthe machine,reachiofthe connect 'ing rods belng provided at its lower end with a bearing 1 that surrounds a crank pin D an I the crank shaft; The cran-k'shaac has associated' with the same a rotatablemember'E i that can either be formed integral with the crank shaft or detachably "connected to the crank shaft. Inthecase of'a multiple cylinderma'chine themeniber E can consist of a substantially disk-shaped'portion on the crank shaft that is located between adjacent connecting rods and which forms part of the crank arms on the crank shaft thatcarry the crank pinsgD, as s'hown in F igure 1, o rthe member E'may consist of a substantially diska so portion of the crank shaft whoseopposite ends are attached to the crankpins,as shown in Figure 2. Inthe'case of asingle cylinder shaped part arranged mid-way'of an inclined machine"'the-member E is'arranged adjacent one end of the crank shaft'of one'side of'the connecting r0d,;as shown in Figure 3.v

The'mernber E is preferably" arranged at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the crank shaft and is provided with either "one or aplurality of centrifu' al pressure cham- (beers oroil pockets, depen ing upon whether theap'paratusis designedfor use with 'a multiple cylinder or-a single'cylinder machine. I 7

-Means is provided for automatically feeding v oil to said pressure'chamber or chambers,and a duct or passageway is associated with each of said chambers, so as to aeuv mnsm the same to acrank pinof the machine. "In

the form of my invention shown inFigurel the p'eripheral 'ed'ge ofthe member'E is bifurcated so as to form a slot 2 that is adapted to receive an oil ring F whose lower portion is normally submerged in a bath of oil in the crank case A, said oil ring being used to automatically deliver 'oil from said bath to two centrifugal pressure chambers oroil pockets G in the member E that communicate with oil distributing ducts or passageways 3 which lead to the connecting rod bearings 1. Any other ,suitablewmeans than the ring F may be used to supply or deliver oilto the. pressure chambers G;

In order to simplify-the construction andreduce the cost of manufacturing the appa:

ratus, each of the pressurechambers or oil pockets G is constructed by forming an annular groove in the member E at one side of the slot 2 in said member, and then attaching to said member E apart that forms a partial closure for the outer side of said groove-and which in elfectforms an undercut outerwall for the chamber G.. .In the form of my in vention illustrated inlFigure 1 the pm just referred to consists of asplit ring Hof angle shape incross, section whose horizontal flange is pressedinto tight engagement with the outer wall of the annular groovehformed in] the member E and whose vertical flange 4 projects inwardly towards the longitudinal axisof'the' crank shaft, sothat it acts as a partial closure for the outer side of the pressure chamber or oilpocket G; The inner wall 5 of the annular grooveformed in the memberE is inclined outwardly and is preferably so disposed that it forms a continuation of an outwardly'inclined oil distributing surface 5 on the member Elocated at the inner end of the slot 2 in said member E and disposedin concentric relation with the axis of flow upwardly overthej surfaces 5 and thence into the pressure chambers G inthe member E. The undercut or inwardly inclined outer .walls 4* of 'the chambers G effectively prevent the oil in said chambers from escaping through the open sides of the same, and the pressure that Fiscreated in the chambers, G bythe centrifugal force causes the oil in said I chambers to be forced out of same through the ducts or passageways 3that leadto the crank pins 1) and the connecting rod bearings that surround said crank pins.

" Instead or forming thenndercut in 'wardly inclined outer'walls of the centrifugal pressure chambers G from angle shaped rings II that arepreSSed'into the annular grooves formed in the member E, said undercut walls may be formed by means of split expansion rings H, similar to the conventional piston annular grooves in the member E into which oil is sup lied automatically by" centrifugal force, fromth'e concentric, outwardly inclined oil distributing surfaces 5 to which oil is "deliv'ered'by the ring F.

By constructingthe centrifugal pressure chambers or oil pockets in the member E in the manner. above described, I overcome the necessity of formingparallel inclined surfaces at the'inner and outer sides of the annular grooves in said member, thereby simplifying thefconstructionof the apparatus, and-'reducing the cost 'of manufacturing the same; i As previously stated, the apparatus illus- V ,trated in Figure?) isconstructed in-the same manner as the 'a'pparatusshown inFigure 1', but itxis designed for use .in a singlecylinder compressor. Dueto theifact that the annular member H which isused to form the undercut or inwardly inclined outer wall of thefcentrifugal pressure chamber is located. adjacent one end of the crankshaft, and on theoutside of the crankarmon-said shaft, it'is not neces; sary to provide said member with 'aisplit, as in the structure shown in Figure 1 v 1 Having hus describ'd my inven Irclaim as newand desire to, SGQ lfe by'Letters Patent is: 4 i

tion, what 1., In a machine a thechara te-r dscribd, a crank shaftjprovided "with a crank pin,-Qa"

rotatable V member that revolves with the crank shaft, provided with ancope'nsided pressure chamberformed partly by a substantially annular groove in said; member 'thatisco'pen at one side, a split ring in's'aid groove that forms ;an'11ndereut or inwardlyprojecting outer wall that only pa'rtially closes said. chamber, an oil distributing surface on j said "member disposed 'in concentric relation with the axis of rotation :of" said member, for feedingjoil into said chamber at a substantially definite ratewhen said memf her is in operationimeansffor supplying' oil to" said distributing surface, andj'a du'ct or passagewiay leading from 'said'fchamber to the crank pin.

2. In a machine ofthecharacter described,

a crank shaft'provided with a crank'pin, a

rotatable member that' revolves'w ith said v crankshaft, providedwith an fopen sided pressure chamber formed partly bya substa ntially 'annul'ar'groove' in said member that is open at one side, an outwardly inclined wall at the' finner side ofsaid groove dis- 1 posed concentric relation with theaxis of rotation of'jsaid member, a' split ring com bined said rotatable member 'soas' to form a partial closure for the open side of tially closes the outer side said chamber, 7 said groove, means for supplying oil to the means for automatically supplying oil to said crank pin. 7

3. In a machine of the character described, a crank shaft, a rotatable member that revolves with the crank shaft, provided with an open-sided pressure chamber formed partly by a substantially annular groove in said member that is open at one side, a ring posi-' tioned inside of said groove so as to form a 7 partial closure for the open side of said pressure chamber, means for supplying oil to said chamber by centrifugal force, and means for delivering oil from said chamber to a part that requires lubrication.

4. In a machine of the character described,

a crank shaft provided with a crank pin, a rotatable member that revolves with the crank shaft, provided with an open-sided pressure chamber formed partly by a substantially annular groove in said member that is open at one side, a ring positioned inside of said groove so as to form a partial closure for the open side of said pressure chamber, an oil distributing surface on said member disposed in concentric relation with the axis of e rotation of said member for feeding oil into said chamber when said member is in operation, an oil supplying device partially submerged ina bath of oil and contacting with said oil distributing surface, and means for delivering oil from said chamber to the crank pin.

5. In a machine of the character described, a, crank shaft provided with a crank pin, a rotatable member that revolves with the crank shaft, provided with a slot that has an outwardly inclined oil distributing surface at its inner end disposed in concentric relation with the axis of rotation of said member, means for automatically delivering oil to said distributing surface from a bath of oil, an annular groove in one of the side walls of said slot that forms a centrifugal pres sure chamber provided with an inclined inner wall that forms a continuation of said concentric oil distributing surface, a split ring arranged in said groove so as to form an undercut or inwardly inclined outer wall that only partially closes the open side of said chamber, and an oil distributing duct or passageway leading from said chamber to the crank pin.

6. In a machine of the character described, a crank shaft provided with a crank pin, a rotatable member that revolves with the crank shaft, provided with an open-sided pressure chamber formed partly by a substantially annular groove in said member that is open at one side, a split expansion ring arranged in said groove, so as to form an undercut or inwardly inclined outer wall that parconcentric, outwardly-inclined wall of said chamber by centrifugal force, and means for groove, and means for delivering oil from deliverin goil from said chamberto the crank the closed inner side of said chamber to the pin.

F ANK A ERMA Q 

